| Musée Malraux | |
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Location in France
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| Established | 1961 |
| Location | Le Havre, France |
| Type | Modern Art |
| Website | http://www.ville-lehavre.fr/rubrique/musee-malraux |
The Musée Malraux (otherwise called MuMa or Musée d'art moderne André Malraux) is a museum in Le Havre, France. It was designed by Atelier LWD, an architecture studio led by Guy Lagneau, Michel Weill and Jean Dimitrijevic. It is named after André Malraux, who was Minister of Culture when the museum was opened in 1961. The museum contains one of the most extensive collections of impressionist paintings in France.[1][2]
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Lagneau was chosen by Georges Salles, director of National Museums, to undertake construction between 1952 and 1961 of the first major museum built in France after World War II.[3] Lagneau undertook the work in collaboration with Raymond Audigier, Michel Weill and Jean Dimitrejvic.[4] The museum, inaugurated in 1961 by the Minister of Culture, André Malraux, was one of the key elements of the reconstruction of Le Havre.[5] The museum was recently renovated by Lawrence Baldwin.[4]
The museum departs from the tradition of closed museums cut off from the exterior world. Lagneau worked closely with the curator, Reynold Arnoult to develop a flexible space in harmony with the marine environment.[3] Facing the sea, the museum is a smooth and transparent assembly of glass and steel posed on a concrete pad. Installed above the roof, the aluminum louver blades were created by the engineer Jean Prouvé, providing control over the natural light that floods the building. Le Signal, a concrete sculpture by Henri Georges Adam, frames a fragment of the landscape and strongly emphasizes the exceptional situation of the building at the harbor entrance.[4]
The large windows of the Malraux museum let in the highly variable light of the Normandy coast, a light that inspired many of the painters in the museum's collections. The light is carefully filtered before flooding inside the building. To the east, opal glass panes attenuate the rays of the morning sun. The facade to the west has three levels of filtration: a wall of glass screens on which horizontal lines have been printed intersects with the vertical lines of pivoted louvers, creating a grid of variable density. When light rays enter horizontally, blinds complete this scheme. On the ceiling, translucent square tiles filter the light reflected by the louver installed above the roof. Inclined blades break the sun and deliver a soft luminosity to the heart of the building.[4]
The museum houses a collection of art spanning the past five centuries, the impressionist paintings collections are the second most extensive in France after those of the Orsay Museum in Paris. There are paintings by Claude Monet and other artists who lived and worked in Normandy. Some of the paintings are from Eugène Boudin (with the largest collection of his works in the world), Eugène Delacroix, Gustave Courbet, Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Georges Seurat, Raoul Dufy, Alfred Sisley. One of the museum's latest purchases is Vague, par temps d'orage by Gustave Courbet. The collection of Olivier Senn (1864–1959), given to the museum in 2004, contains more than 205 paintings.
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